There are 13 essential vitamins for the human body, divided into water-soluble vitamins (9 types) and fat soluble vitamins (4 types). Water soluble vitamins include B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12) and vitamin C, while fat soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E, and K. These vitamins need to be obtained through food or external supplementation and are crucial for maintaining physiological functions.

There are 13 essential vitamins for the human body, divided into water-soluble vitamins (9 types) and fat soluble vitamins (4 types). Water soluble vitamins include B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12) and vitamin C, while fat soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E, and K. These vitamins need to be obtained through food or external supplementation and are crucial for maintaining physiological functions.

1、 Water soluble vitamins (9 types)
Water soluble vitamins are soluble in water and are not easily stored in the body. They need to be supplemented daily through diet, and excess amounts will be excreted with urine.

Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) 1
Function: Participate in energy metabolism and maintain normal functioning of the nervous system.
Source: Whole grains, legumes, lean meat.
Lack of symptoms: beriberi, fatigue, nerve damage.

Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 2
Function: Promote cell growth and metabolism, protect skin and mucous membranes.
Source: Milk, eggs, green leafy vegetables.
Lack of symptoms: angular stomatitis, glossitis, dry skin.

Vitamin B3 (niacin) 3
Function: Participate in glucose and lipid metabolism, maintain digestive system health.
Source: Poultry, fish, peanuts.
Lack of symptoms: pellagra, diarrhea, dermatitis.

Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) 4
Function: Synthesize coenzyme A to support hormone and cholesterol production.
Source: Animal liver, mushrooms, avocados.
Lack of symptoms: rare, may cause fatigue and insomnia.

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) 5
Function: Participate in amino acid metabolism, support immune and neurological functions.
Source: Fish, bananas, potatoes.
Lack of symptoms: anemia, depression, decreased immunity.

Vitamin B7 (biotin) 6
Function: Promote fat metabolism, maintain hair and skin health.
Source: Egg yolks, nuts, whole wheat food.
Lack of symptoms: hair loss, dermatitis, and fragile nails.

Vitamin B9 (folic acid) 7
Function: Supports DNA synthesis and prevents fetal neural tube defects.
Source: Dark green vegetables, beans, citrus fruits.
Lack of symptoms: megaloblastic anemia, fetal developmental abnormalities.

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) 8
Function: Maintain the health of the nervous system and participate in the generation of red blood cells.
Source: Animal based foods (meat, fish, dairy products).
Lack of symptoms: pernicious anemia, neuropathy, memory loss.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 9
Function: Antioxidant, promotes collagen synthesis, enhances immunity.
Source: Citrus fruits, strawberries, broccoli.
Lack of symptoms: scurvy, gum bleeding, slow wound healing.